Taladu waxay ka timi Matt Cutull, kaaliyaha borofisar cilmiga haramaha dhirta ee Xarunta Cilmi-baarista iyo Waxbarashada Xeebta ee Clemson.Cutulle iyo cilmi-baarayaasha kale ee beeraha ayaa soo bandhigay farsamooyinka "isku-dhafka maaraynta haramaha" aqoon-is-weydaarsi dhawaan ka dhacay Xarunta Shirarka ee Clemson Madron iyo Beerta organic Student.
Cawsku waxa ay dalagyada kula tartamaan nafaqooyinka ciidda, taas oo keenta khasaare dhan $32 bilyan sannadkii, ayuu yidhi Cutulle.Xakamaynta haramaha ee waxtarka leh waxay bilaabataa marka beeralayda ay ogaadaan xilli aan haramaha lahayn, waqti xasaasi ah xilliga koritaanka marka haramaha uu keeno khasaaraha ugu badan, ayuu yidhi.
"Muddadani aad ayey u kala duwanaan kartaa iyadoo ku xiran dalagga, sida loo beero ( abuur ama la beero), iyo noocyada haramaha jira," ayuu yiri Cutulle."Muddada muhiimka ah ee haramaha ka caaggan waxay noqon doontaa lix toddobaad, laakiin mar labaad, tani way kala duwanaan kartaa iyadoo ku xiran dalagga iyo haramaha jira."
Muddada Xorta ah ee haramaha waa dhibic xilliga koritaanka marka ka ilaalinta dalagga ka xorowda haramaha ay muhiim u tahay beeralayda si ay u kordhiyaan wax-soo-saarka.Xilligan xasaasiga ah ka dib, beeralayda waa inay diirada saaraan ka hortagga abuuritaanka haramaha.Beeralayda waxa ay ku samayn karaan in ay iniinuhu biqlaan kadibna ay dilaan, ama waxa ay ka hortagi karaan biqilka oo ay sugaan inta iniinuhu dhimanayaan ama ay cunaan xoolaha iniinaha cuna.
Mid ka mid ah dariiqooyinka waa cadceedda ciidda, taas oo ku lug leh isticmaalka kulaylka ay dhaliso qorraxdu si loo xakameeyo cayayaanka ka soo baxa ciidda.Taas waxaa lagu gaaraa in lagu daboolo ciidda taako cad oo balaastiig ah inta lagu jiro xilliyada kulaylka ah markaas oo ay ciidda si toos ah u soo gaadhi doonto iftiinka qorraxda ilaa lix toddobaad.Daamurka caagga ah wuxuu kululeeyaa lakabka sare ee ciidda 12 ilaa 18 inch oo dhumucdiisuna waxay dishaa cayayaanno kala duwan oo ay ku jiraan haramaha, jeermiska dhirta, nematodes iyo cayayaanka.
Goynta ciidda waxay sidoo kale wanaajin kartaa caafimaadka ciidda iyadoo la dedejinayo burburka walxaha organic iyo kordhinta helitaanka nitrogen iyo nafaqooyinka kale ee dhirta koraya, iyo sidoo kale faa'iido leh beddelidda bulshooyinka microbial ciidda (bakteeriya iyo fangaska saameeya caafimaadka ciidda iyo ugu dambeyntii caafimaadka dhirta) .
Jeermiska ciidda anaerobic waa beddel kiimiko ah oo aan ahayn isticmaalka qiiqa qiiqa waxaana loo isticmaali karaa in lagu xakameeyo noocyo badan oo cudur-sidaha ciidda ka dhasha iyo nematodes.Tani waa geedi socod saddex-tallaabo ah oo ku lug leh ku darista isha kaarboon ee ciidda oo siisa nafaqooyinka microbes ciidda faa'iido u leh.Ciidda ayaa markaa lagu waraabiyaa si ay u dheregto waxaana lagu daboolaa mulch balaastik ah dhowr toddobaad.Inta lagu jiro gooryaanka, ogsijiinta ciidda ku jirta waa ay dhammaataa oo alaabada sunta ah ayaa dila cudur-sidaha ciidda ka dhasha.
Isticmaalka dalagyada daboolka hore ee xilli-ciyaareedka si loo xakameeyo haramaha waxay noqon kartaa mid waxtar leh, laakiin dilku waa furaha, ayuu yidhi Jeff Zender, agaasimaha barnaamijka Clemson ee beero waara.
"Beeralayda khudaarta guud ahaan ma beeraan dalagyada dalagyada sababtoo ah arrimaha maaraynta, oo ay ku jiraan wakhtiga ugu fiican ee lagu beero dalagyada daboolida noolaha ugu waxtarka badan," Zender ayaa yidhi."Haddii aadan wax beeran waqtiga saxda ah, waxaa laga yaabaa inaadan haysan biyomass kugu filan, marka markaad duubto, waxtar uma yeelan doonto joojinta haramaha.Waqtigu waa nuxurka."
Dalagyada daboolka ah ee ugu guulaha badan waxaa ka mid ah clover-crimson, galley jiilaalka, barley jiilaalka, shaciir gu'ga, miro gu'ga, buckwheat, masago, hemp, miro madow, khudaar, digir iyo qamadi jiilaalka.
Waxaa jira mulch badan oo xakamaynta haramaha suuqa maanta.Macluumaad ku saabsan xakamaynta haramaha iyadoo la beerayo iyo mulching, eeg Clemson Home and Garden Information Center 1253 iyo/ama HGIC 1604.
Cutulle iyo kuwa kale ee Clemson Coastal REC, oo ay weheliyaan cilmi-baarayaasha beerta dabiiciga ah ee ardayga ee Clemson, ayaa sahaminaya xeeladaha kale ee xakamaynta haramaha, oo ay ku jiraan isticmaalka nitrogen dareeraha ah si ay u qaboojiyaan haramaha furan ka hor inta aan la dilin iyo in la rogo dalagga daboolka leh roller.Xakamaynta haramaha heerkulka-hoose ee habaysan.
"Beeralayda waxay u baahan yihiin inay fahmaan haramaha - aqoonsiga, bayoolaji, iwm. - si ay u maareeyaan beerahooda oo ay uga fogaadaan dhibaatooyinka haramaha ee dalagyadooda," ayuu yidhi.
Beeralayda iyo beeralayda waxay aqoonsan karaan haramaha iyagoo isticmaalaya aqoonsiga Clemson Weed ID iyo websaydka Bayoolaji oo uu sameeyay kaaliyaha shaybaadhka Xeebta REC Marcellus Washington.
Clemson News waa isha sheekooyinka iyo wararka ku saabsan hal-abuurka, cilmi-baarista iyo guusha qoyska Clemson.
Waqtiga boostada: Abriil-16-2023